Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 135 - 144, doi:
Scientific Paper, English
Miriam Fendeková, Zuzana Danáčová, Tobias Gauster, Lívia Labudová, Marián Fendek, Oliver Horvát: Analysis of hydrological drought parameters in selected catchments of the southern and eastern Slovakia in the years
2003, 2012 and 2015
Full Text in PDF 136 DOWNLOADS
- Increased occurrence of extreme meteorological and hydrological phenomena is one of the expected impacts connected to climate change. The most pronounced droughts in the 21st Century hit Slovakia in 2003, 2011–2012 and 2015. The aim of the study was to estimate parameters of the hydrological drought in the Ipeľ and Rimava River catchments (S Slovakia) and the Torysa and Topľa River catchments (E Slovakia). The relationship between the meteorological and hydrological droughts occurrence and intensity was also studied. The evaluation of meteorological drought was based on SPI and SPEI calculation, hydrological drought was evaluated using the fixed threshold of Q80 in the Sequent Peak Algorithm methods. Weibull and GEV frequency distributions were used to calculate the return periods of minimum annual discharge values, drought period duration, deficit volume and intensity. The results showed that despite of quite close location of the evaluated catchments, there are differences in temporal and spatial manifestation of droughts in 2003, 2012 and 2015. The 2003 drought was the most pronounced in Rimava, Torysa and Topľa catchments, the 2012 drought in the Ipeľ catchment.
KEY WORDS: meteorological and hydrological droughts, return period, discharge, Southern and Eastern Slovakia
Address:
- Miriam Fendeková, Department of Hydrogeology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava 4, Slovak Republic (Corresponding author. Tel.:+ 421 2 60296 593 Fax.: Email: fendekova[at]fns.uniba.sk)
- Zuzana Danáčová, Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Jeséniova 17, 833 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Tobias Gauster, Institute of Applied Statistics and Computing, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor Mendel Str. 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
- Lívia Labudová, Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Jeséniova 17, 833 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Marián Fendek, Department of Hydrogeology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava 4, Slovak Republic
- Oliver Horvát, Department of Hydrogeology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava 4, Slovak Republic
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 145 - 153, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak
Lotta Blaškovičová, Katarína Melová, Jana Poórová: Impact of limit characteristics selection on assessment of water scarcity in low flow periods
Full Text in PDF 88 DOWNLOADS
- Drought is a natural phenomenon that is part of the natural hydrological regime. It represents an occasional, rarely occurring decline in water resource yield. For its evaluation we use hydrological characteristics obtained from water gauging stations and hydrological balance. Water scarcity is a condition where water demand exceeds the natural capacity of a water source. For the appropriate determination of the limit characteristics for the correct adjustment of water use, it is first necessary to evaluate in periods of low water quality – considering the duration of this period for different limit hydrological characteristics – corresponding water scarcity, their duration, periodicity and mode. Changes of these non-target characteristics were tested for different limit values in selected water gauging stations with approximately uninfluenced hydrological regime, respectively using as a limit the selected M-day discharges (for 364, 355, 330 and 270 days).
KEY WORDS: drought, low-flow, limit discharge values
Address:
- Lotta Blaškovičová, Slovenský hydrometeorologický ústav, Jeséniova 17, 833 15 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Katarína Melová, Slovenský hydrometeorologický ústav, Jeséniova 17, 833 15 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: katarina.melova[at]shmu.sk)
- Jana Poórová, Slovenský hydrometeorologický ústav, Jeséniova 17, 833 15 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 154 - 164, doi:
Scientific Paper, English
Ladislav Gaál, Danica Lešková, Eva Kopáčiková: Changes in the 100-year flood at the Danube River in Bratislava due to the expected climate change
Full Text in PDF 90 DOWNLOADS
- The paper aims at assessing changes in the 100-year flood that are expected to occur during the 21st century due to climate change, in the light of similar estimates derived from observed data (1984–2014). For the future (2015–2100), a number of simulated time series of river discharge from the SWICCA database are used, which represent combined outputs of 3 hydrological models and 11 regional climate models. The target location is the Danube River in Bratislava, Slovakia. The case study is an at-site and stationary frequency analysis where data samples are derived using the block maxima approach, and flood quantiles are modeled by the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution. In case there is a significant linear trend in the data samples, the non-stationary approach is adopted with a time-dependent location parameter of the GEV distribution. Flood quantiles and their confidence intervals are numerically estimated on the basis of the Differential Evolution Markov Chain approach. The multitude of model outcomes (that represent different greenhouse gas emission scenarios) from the SWICCA database is an excellent basis to get the first sight on the possible range of expected changes in the 100-year flood, with no need to run complex hydrological models locally.
KEY WORDS: Danube, 100-year flood, frequency analysis, climate change, SWICCA
Address:
- Ladislav Gaál, MicroStep-MIS s.r.o., Čavojského 1, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic (Corresponding author. Tel.:+421 2 602 00 100 Fax.: Email: ladislav.gaal[at]microstep-mis.com)
- Danica Lešková, Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Jeséniova 17, 833 15 Bratislava 37, Slovak Republic
- Eva Kopáčiková, Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Jeséniova 17, 833 15 Bratislava 37, Slovak Republic
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 165 - 173, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak
Peter Valent, Peter Rončák, Marcela Maliariková, Silvia Kohnová, Ján Szolgay, Kamila Hlavčová: Assessment of the impact of land use and management on the generation of runoff from the Myjava River basin
Full Text in PDF 91 DOWNLOADS
- This study is focused on the assessment of the impact of land use and land management on the hydrological regime of the River Myjava basin. The impact of the land use on the runoff processes was simulated using a physically-based and spatially distributed rainfall-runoff model. An analysis of the development of the land use change over the period of almost 250 years was done using historical maps and the current mapping as sources of land use information. In addition, several land use scenarios were created, assuming extreme changes in the utilization of land (i.e. total afforestation of the catchment or the substitution of arable land with grasslands), as well as real scenarios focussed on the increasing of the retention capacity of the catchment, and decreasing of soil erosion (i.e. following good agricultural practices). The created scenarios were used in the rainfall-runoff modelling as model inputs and their impact on maximum design discharges at the catchment outlet was evaluated. The results of the land use change analysis showed that since the 18th century the catchment area covered by forest has continuously been increasing while the percentage of the arable land decreasing. The results of the runoff simulation demonstrated that the even under the scenario following good agricultural practices no significant changes in the values of N-year floods could be observed.
KEY WORDS: historical maps, land use, WetSpa model, rainfall-runoff modelling
Address:
- Peter Valent, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Peter Rončák, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Marcela Maliariková, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Silvia Kohnová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Ján Szolgay, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Kamila Hlavčová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: kamila.hlavcova[at]stuba.sk)
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 174 - 182, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak
Peter Rončák, Kamila Hlavčová, Ján Szolgay, Silvia Kohnová: Changes in design discharges in selected catchments in slovakia in future decades
Full Text in PDF 92 DOWNLOADS
- The work deals with estimation of the impact of climate change on the hydrological regime in the selected catchments of Slovakia, with emphasis on the selected characteristics of hydrological regime, catchment runoff and design discharges. Changed climate conditions characterized in particular by the change in precipitation, air temperature and potential evapotranspiration in the future decades were predicted according to the latest outputs of the 2 regional climate change models KNMI and MPI and the A1B emission scenario. The hydrological regime characteristics, assuming these scenarios, were simulated by the rainfall-runoff model parameterized for the selected river basins in a daily step by 2100. Changes in the total runoff and its components, the maximum and design discharges, as well as changes in the soil moisture and the actual evapotranspiration, compared to the current state, confirm the assumption of an increase in extremes of hydrological regime during periods of drought and flood events.
KEY WORDS: the climate change scenarios, hydrologic balance, maximum design discharges, distributed rainfall-runoff WetSpa model
Address:
- Peter Rončák, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Kamila Hlavčová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: kamila.hlavcova[at]stuba.sk)
- Ján Szolgay, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Silvia Kohnová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 183 - 192, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak
Pavla Pekárová, Pavol Miklánek, Ján Pekár, Branislav Pramuk: Identification of the Slovak rivers daily discharge regime changes. Part II.: Comparison of the two periods
Full Text in PDF 84 DOWNLOADS
- The study deals with assessment of changes of various hydrologic characteristics of mean daily discharge in 10 gauging stations on major Slovak rivers. The stations with long observation series were selected – starting in 1931 at latest. The daily discharge was analysed during all flood events, divided into three categories: 1. Flood pulses; 2. Small floods and 3. Large floods. The study is continuation of the paper by Pramuk et al. (2016). This part is devoted to identification and assessment of changes in hydrologic regime in two 42-years periods: 1931–1972 and 1973–2014. The impact of precipitation and air temperature on runoff was analysed as well.
KEY WORDS: hydrological balance, precipitation, temperature, discharge
Address:
- Pavla Pekárová, Ústav hydrológie SAV, Dúbravská cesta č. 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: pekarova[at]uh.savba.sk)
- Pavol Miklánek, Ústav hydrológie SAV, Dúbravská cesta č. 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Ján Pekár, Katedra aplikovanej matematiky a štatistiky, Fakulta matematiky, fyziky a informatiky UK, Mlynská dolina, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Branislav Pramuk, Ústav hydrológie SAV, Dúbravská cesta č. 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 193 - 201, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak
Lenka Gaňová, Martina Zeleňáková, Pavol Purcz, Martin Horská, Ladislav Satrapa, Helena Hlavatá: Assessing the flood risk from torrential rain
Full Text in PDF 83 DOWNLOADS
- The objective of the preliminary flood risk assessment is to identify the critical points in the river basin and their contributing areas on the basis of the geometric and physico-geographic characteristics of the contributing areas. The individual characteristics able to determine the flood hazard, therefore the knowledge of the natural proportions of the study area is important before the actual flood risk determination. The result is the application of the methodology for the determination of areas with flood risk from torrential rainfall realized in the GIS environment. The normal scale was used to determine the flood risk, it means that the flood risk was divided into three classes. The methodology of flood risk assessment for floods from torrential rain was applied in the town of Medzev (south-eastern Slovakia), which was included in the flood risk area in 2011 as part of the preliminary flood risk assessment.
KEY WORDS: flood, flood risk, torrential rain
Address:
- Lenka Gaňová, Slovenský vodohospodársky podnik, š. p., OZ Košice, Ďumbierská 14, 041 59 Košice, Slovenská republika
- Martina Zeleňáková, Technická univerzita v Košiciach, Stavebná fakulta, Ústav environmentálneho inžinierstva, Vysokoškolská 4, 042 00 Košice, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: martina.zelenakova[at]tuke.sk)
- Pavol Purcz, Technická univerzita v Košiciach, Stavebná fakulta, Ústav environmentálneho inžinierstva, Vysokoškolská 4, 042 00 Košice, Slovenská republika
- Martin Horská, ČVUT – stavební fakulta, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Praha 6, Česká republika
- Ladislav Satrapa, ČVUT – stavební fakulta, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Praha 6, Česká republika
- Helena Hlavatá, Slovenský hydrometeorologický ústav, Regionálne pracovisko SHMÚ Košice, Ďumbierska 26, 041 17 Košice, Slovenská republika
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 202 - 209, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak
Andrej Kasana, Emília Bednárová, Oľga Majerčáková, Vladimír Novák: Safety of dams, weirs and levees during flood discharges in Slovakia
Full Text in PDF 77 DOWNLOADS
- The paper describes the current status of the safety level of flood protection structures and hydraulic structures constructed on streams in the Slovak Republic during the floods. Contribution also deals with design of solutions that implementation in the coming years should lead to establishing consistent mandatory methodology of determining the design flood loading of hydraulic structures. Subsequently, the safety level of individual dams, weirs and levees will be assessed, and determined the needs of implementation of remedial measures to minimize the risks of an accident or damage of these structures.
KEY WORDS: Technical Safety Supervision of Dams, Extreme Flood Flows, Proposed Flood Loading
Address:
- Andrej Kasana, VODOHOSPODÁRSKA VÝSTAVBA, š.p., Úsek TBD, Nobelova 7, 831 02 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: andrej.kasana[at]vvb.sk)
- Emília Bednárová, Katedra geotechniky, Stavebná fakulta STU, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Oľga Majerčáková, - Vladimír Novák, Ministerstvo životného prostredia Slovenskej republiky, Nám. Ľ.Štúra 1, 812 35 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 210 - 216, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak
Emília Bednárová, Danka Grambličková: Technical measures – part of the flood protection of Bratislava
Full Text in PDF 75 DOWNLOADS
- To the group of hydrotechnical structures belong flood pools, dry retention reservoir, flood dikes and other flood control structures. These hydrotechnical structures design of new or restoration of existing structures represent an extremely complex problem. Special position among them represent the flood protection line structure, i.e. flood dikes or flood control walls in residential areas of towns and villages. In the proposed article, we present knowledge and experience related to the solutions of the flood protection design of Bratislava. One of their components was the design optimisation for subsoil protection of the flood wall between the bridge SNP and the harbour. We searched for the best option to seal the subsoil by parametric studies by using numerical modelling FEM to minimize the risk of exceeding filtration stability criteria in the adjacent environment and to eliminate seepage to the protected area. Due to the physical nature of the phenomenon, the problem was considered as transient phenomenon. Between piles was designed 5 m deep grouting respecting the criteria of the filtration stability for the geological composition of the environment and hydrodynamic loading at Q1000 = 13 500 m3s-1 for 12 days,. There was achieved reduction of hydraulic gradients to the required level at total depth of the piles 12.5 m and grouting depth determined by using numerical modelling. Current calculations also proved elimination of seepage through structural wall subsoil.
KEY WORDS: flood control, risk factors, filtration stability, internal suffusion, seepage
Address:
- Emília Bednárová, Katedra geotechniky, Stavebná fakulta STU, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: emilia.bednarova[at]stuba.sk)
- Danka Grambličková, Katedra geotechniky, Stavebná fakulta STU, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 217 - 226, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak
Dušan Abaffy, Marek Čomaj, Filip Rebenda, Vladimír Polák, Dušan Mydla: Reassessment of spillway capacity of selected water reservoirs administrated by the Slovak Water Management Enterprise, Branch Košice, using hydraulic physical modeling
Full Text in PDF 70 DOWNLOADS
- The experts of the Water Research Institute Hydraulic Laboratories performed several research tasks on the reassessment of rating curves of uncontrolled spillways of water reservoirs administrated by the Slovak Water Management Enterprise, branch Košice, using physical hydraulic modeling. The paper focuses on the recent model research of uncontrolled spillways of the hydraulic structures Veľká Domaša, Ružín I, Ružín II and Sigord. In the past, the capacity of these structures was often determined only by theoretical calculation or assessed using 1D and 2D numerical model, which proved to be insufficient. The errors of structure design have been proved and in many cases of investigated hydraulic structures, the capacity of spillway has shown to be insufficient regarding the revised design flood discharges. There is a real helical motion of water in the discharge flumes under the spillways, as in the stilling pool of weir, where the lower water level below the spillway significantly increases and affects the overflow by backwater. This causes a deviation from calculations that are done using simplified numerical models. Subsequently, it was necessary to design and test appropriate construction design modifications of the given spillways in order to increase their capacity to reach the required value.
KEY WORDS: safety of hydraulic structures, spillway, flood discharges, floods, physical hydraulic model
Address:
- Dušan Abaffy, Výskumný ústav vodného hospodárstva, nábr. arm. gen. L. Svobodu č. 5, 812 49 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: abaffy[at]vuvh.sk)
- Marek Čomaj, Výskumný ústav vodného hospodárstva, nábr. arm. gen. L. Svobodu č. 5, 812 49 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Filip Rebenda, Výskumný ústav vodného hospodárstva, nábr. arm. gen. L. Svobodu č. 5, 812 49 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Vladimír Polák, Výskumný ústav vodného hospodárstva, nábr. arm. gen. L. Svobodu č. 5, 812 49 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Dušan Mydla, Slovenský vodohospodársky podnik š.p., Odštepný závod Košice, Ďumbierska 14, 041 59 Košice, Slovenská republika
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 227 - 236, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak
Dana Kotorová, Ladislav Kováč: Analyse of select properties and water storage in profile of heavy soils
Full Text in PDF 67 DOWNLOADS
- Between 2006 and 2015 the development trend of selected soil parameters and water storage in soil profile on heavy clay-loamy Gleyic Fluvisol was studied. Soil samples were taken from variants with conventional tillage and no-tillage under natural conditions without irrigation. Bulk density, total porosity and maximum capillary water capacity were analysed by known methods. Soil samples for the determination of water storage were taken from profile 0.0 – 0.3 m, from each 0.1 m. Minimum, average and minimum soil water storage was evaluated. Obtained contents of soil water storage were re-counted at maximal soil water storage on percent of moisture of field water capacity, at mean soil water storage on percent of moisture of threshold point and at minimal soil water storage on percent of moisture of wilting point. For prediction of selected indicators development the linear trend was used and coefficients were estimated by linear regression. For both soil tillage variants trend of decreasing of bulk density was determined. Minimum soil water storage was significantly influenced by used tillage technology. Experimental year had statistically significant impact on observed soil parameters.
KEY WORDS: soil tillage, physical soil properties, soil water storage, heavy soils
Address:
- Dana Kotorová, NPPC – Výskumný ústav agroekológie Michalovce, Špitálska 1273, 071 01 Michalovce, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: kotorova[at]minet.sk)
- Ladislav Kováč, NPPC – Výskumný ústav agroekológie Michalovce, Špitálska 1273, 071 01 Michalovce, Slovenská republika
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 237 - 243, doi:
Scientific Paper, English
Tomáš Julínek, Jaromír Říha: Groundwater conditions in the city of Kyjov after terminating pumping from local mines
Full Text in PDF 66 DOWNLOADS
- In the vicinity of the town of Kyjov the coal mines were established in 1824. During the mining the groundwater table was drawdown by more than 20 m due to extensive pumping. The mining activities were abandoned in 1961. At the same time historical mill race was cancelled and filled up. During the next few years the groundwater level raised to its original elevation corresponding approximately with the natural water table before 1824. This study deals with the identification of the main factors contributing to the waterlogging of urban areas in the Kyjov town. Possible conceptual measures to limit waterlogging of individual buildings have been proposed, potential risks associated with particular measures are attached as well.
KEY WORDS: ground water, pumping, coal mine, waterlogging, surface streams
Address:
- Tomáš Julínek, Institute of Water Structures, Brno University of Technology, Veveri 95, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: julinek.t[at]fce.vutbr.cz)
- Jaromír Říha, Institute of Water Structures, Brno University of Technology, Veveri 95, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 244 - 252, doi:
Scientific Paper, Czech
Zuzana Műnsterová, Jana Pařílková, Milan Gomboš, Dana Pavelková: The estimate size of soil effective grain by EIS method in field conditions
Full Text in PDF 68 DOWNLOADS
- Granulometric composition describes the rate distribution of the individual fraction of particles that are found in soil. Together with other characteristics it determines a number of physical, chemical and biological parameters in the soil, it affects the infiltration of water, the ratio of capillary and non-capillary pores, the content and composition of edaphone and other soil-forming processes. This paper presents the possibility of estimating the effective grain size of the soil by the method of electrical impedance spectrometry (EIS) when measuring the Z-meter. The procedure is based on frequency analysis of the soil sample realized in the selected frequency spectrum. From the dependence between the measurement frequency and the effective grain size of the soil, an estimate of the effective grain size of the soil in the field conditions can be made. The measurements were carried out in the localities of Hornice, Jevíčko, Karolinka, Kobeřice, Žabčice and Poľany.
KEY WORDS: electrical impedance spectrometry, effective grain size, Z-meter IV device, probe, soil
Address:
- Zuzana Műnsterová, Ústav vodních staveb, Laboratoř vodohospodářského výzkumu, Fakulta stavební VUT v Brně, Veveří 95, 602 00 Brno, Česká republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+420 54114 7284 Fax.: Email: munsterova.z[at]fce.vutbr.cz)
- Jana Pařílková, Ústav vodních staveb, Laboratoř vodohospodářského výzkumu, Fakulta stavební VUT v Brně, Veveří 95, 602 00 Brno, Česká republika
- Milan Gomboš, Ústav hydrológie SAV, Dúbravská cesta č. 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
- Dana Pavelková, Ústav hydrológie SAV, Dúbravská cesta č. 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 253 - 261, doi:
Scientific Paper, English
Zoran Kačeski: Groundwater vulnerability assessment in Prespa Region
Full Text in PDF 63 DOWNLOADS
- The region around Lake Prespa in recent years is under the constant influence of the different activities (natural and human) that endangers the quality of groundwater. Namely, the characteristics of the basin, topographic and hydrogeological, contribute that the ground water in the region is under constant threat of being contaminated. For these reasons there was appeared a need to make a map of vulnerability of groundwater by the degree of vulnerability and, consequently, to create the conditions for assessment of protection measures for certain areas regarding level of vulnerability of underground water. For groundwater vulnerability assessment and vulnerability maps preparation DRASTIC method (Aller et al., 1987) and Italian hydrogeological settings (GNDCI-CNR basic method) were applied.
KEY WORDS: vulnerability, pollution, DRASTIC, vulnerability map
Address:
- Zoran Kačeski, United Nations Development Programme – Macedonia (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: kaceski_zoran[at]yahoo.com)
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 262 - 270, doi:
Scientific Paper, English
Siniša Maričić, Tatjana Mijušković-Svetinović: Osijek wastewater network – observations and rainfall characteristics
Full Text in PDF 65 DOWNLOADS
- Osijek is the largest city in the eastern Croatian lowland region of Slavonia. Some specific stages have been observed in the development of its wastewater network. Over the past decade, a system of urban conglomerates has been established from a simple wastewater network. The basic concept and design elements of the wastewater network are based on characteristics of the local rainfall. Also, extreme rainfall events are particularly interesting for the system efficiency and management capabilities. Because of that, observations of rainfall events began at the end of the last century at five locations, with an automatic rain gauge. This paper presents rainfall measuring and certain problems in its implementation. The preliminary analysis of registered rainfall events indicates their characteristics. The analysis of the extreme rainfall events during the fifteen-year research season (1999-2013) reported in a form of one-minute rainfall events indicates a significant change in this century. Rain gauges recorded short-term rainfall events with amounts equal to the range of average monthly values. Finally, the paper points out the necessity of a more detailed analysis of rainfall events in the Osijek area because of urban flooding risks that could be mitigated by establishing a real time control system.
KEY WORDS: wastewater network, rainfall spatial distribution, extreme rainfall events, rainfall gauge, rainfall monitoring
Address:
- Siniša Maričić, Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek, University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 3, HR - 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Tatjana Mijušković-Svetinović, Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek, University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 3, HR - 31000 Osijek, Croatia (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: tatjanam[at]gfos.hr)
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 271 - 281, doi:
Scientific Paper, English
Ivana Bartolić, Goran Lončar, Damjan Bujak, Silvija Klapčić, Ivan Mišura: Impact of wind, tidal variations, wave field and density gradient on the seawater exchange trough flushing culverts in marinas
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- The paper presents the results of in-situ measurements and 3D numerical model of seawater circulation in the marine waters, whose main breakwater contains a constructed culvert. The in-situ measurements were carried out in the marina aquatorium of the city of Opatija (Croatia) and include: seawater current measurements, sea temperature and salinity, culvert discharge measurement, wave spectra parameters, atmospheric elements - wind speeds and directions and precipitation intensity. The presented results show that wind, wave field and freshwater sources have important contribution to the seawater exchange in the marina and that the maximum seawater exchange is achieved by constructing culvert axis to the middle sea level.
KEY WORDS: flushing culverts, marina, Adriatic Sea, numerical model
Address:
- Ivana Bartolić, University of applied sciences in Zagreb, Croatia (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: ibartolic[at]tvz.hr)
- Goran Lončar, Faculty of civil engineering in Zagreb, Croatia
- Damjan Bujak, Faculty of civil engineering in Zagreb, Croatia
- Silvija Klapčić, Faculty of civil engineering in Zagreb, Croatia
- Ivan Mišura, Faculty of civil engineering in Zagreb, Croatia
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 282 - 289, doi:
Scientific Paper, English
Jadran Berbić, Eva Ocvirk: Long term prediction of inflow using the supervised learning
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- For the purposes of long-term (on time basis of one month) planning and management of water resources systems, long term prediction of inflow is needed. In the last two decades, usage of machine learning is becoming popular in the field of water resources systems management, whether for real time, short term, mid term or long term predictions of hydrological variables. Especially interesting is the usage of supervised learning, defined as the type of machine learning used for model development based on given data, which enables prediction and extrapolation on so far unseen examples. Supervised learning models are able to use arbitrarily huge amount of variables for model development and forecasting. Mentioned facts make the problematics interesting from the climate change point of view, as also from the view of model development for assistance in water resources systems planning and management. By using the models developed on historical data it is able to predict inflows in conditions of future scenario from climate models and get insight in future hydrological conditions and systems management efficiency. Besides classicaly used rainfall for runoff modelling, other meteorological variables, if are on disposition, could be included. As searching for appropriate way of prediction and supervised learning models architecture is not an easy task, necessary step is reviewing the literature about long-term predictions. Therefore, the insight in previous research of long term prediction of inflow using the supervised learning is given in the paper. In the literature review are also included researches with considerations of climate change influence on water resources systems, based on the predictions using the supervised learning.
KEY WORDS: supervised learning, long-term prediction, water resources systems, climate change
Address:
- Jadran Berbić, Croatian Hydrological and Meteorological Service, Zagreb, Croatia (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: jberbic[at]hotmail.com)
- Eva Ocvirk, Croatian Hydrological and Meteorological Service, Zagreb, Croatia
Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, p. 290 - 300, doi:
Scientific Paper, English
Gorana Ćosić Flajsig, Barbara Karleuša, Ivan Vučković, Matjaž Glavan: Analysis of the eutrophication factors in the Sutla River basin
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- The Sutla River forms the border between Slovenia and Croatia. The area of Sutla river basin is 590.6 km2, of which 78% is located in Slovenia, and the rest in Croatia. The nature retention function for flood control purposes and wetland ecosystems have developed on the edge and at the bottom of the nature retention/reservoir, the area of the entire reservoir as well as the entire riverbed of the Sutla River was declared NATURA 2000 site. For the planning of remediation measures according to the WFD and reducing the risk of eutrophication, the DPSIR approach with use of spatial data, quantification of nutrients by Soil Water Assessment Tool model (SWAT), the analysis of physico-chemical and biological indicators for good water status and measures within integrated water management are analysed.
KEY WORDS: DPSIR, eutrophication, SWAT, good surface water status, measures
Address:
- Gorana Ćosić Flajsig, Zagreb University of Applied Science, Croatia (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: gcflajsig[at]tvz.hr)
- Barbara Karleuša, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Croatia
- Ivan Vučković, Elektroprojekt d.o.o., Zagreb, Croatia
- Matjaž Glavan, Univerza V Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Slovenia